In the database management systems developed by the Oracle Corporation, the System Global Area (SGA) forms the part of the system memory (RAM) shared by all the processes belonging to a single Oracle database instance. The SGA contains all information necessary for the instance operation.
In general, the SGA consists of the following:
- dictionary cache: information about data dictionary tables, such as information about account, datafile, segment, extent, table and privileges
- redo log buffer: containing information about committed transactions that the database has not yet written to online redo log files
- the buffer_cache or "database buffer cache": holds copies of data blocks read from datafiles
- shared pool, the cache of parsed commonly used SQL statements, and also the data-dictionary cache containing tables, views and triggers
- Java pool, for parsing Java statements.
- large pool (including the User Global Area (UGA))
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